REFLECTION
Term 1
What have you learned this term?
During the first term, our "theme" is cell. We start off by knowing the origin of cells, and how technology plays a big role in cell discovery. Moving on, we get into type of cells and their structure and organelles. We then learned more about the cell membrane (what their made of, their activity and overall function). We got to learned about the activity in the cell membrane called diffusion and osmosis, we even got to do an experiment based on osmosis. After, the experiment we learnt about how to write the scientific report correctly. Following the scientific report we learn about how cell "grow" or divide, going through mitosis. Here we learned key points of each phase before and after mitosis. Last but not least we leant about how a cell take in and out energy through the process of photosynthesis and cell respiration.
I feel like i could do everything better, the result of this term is good but is not good enough for me. I have no problem about understanding the topic but sometimes I'm quite unsure about my own understanding causing me to doubt a lot. This is the problem I'm facing as I take test/summative. I could do much better on the summative, but I wasn't confident with my answer and did not fill some of the question, I should've just answered them anyway regardless of it being right or wrong. I could write more information down on my notes, and try to make them as understandable as possible, I could've be more active in class too.
Was there anything that you think you could?
Was there something that I should do better next term?
What could you guys do to do better next term?
My plan for next term is to study well, finding methods that could help me understand at home. I should improve my time management skills so I won't be left behind by other work or topics. Improving organizational skill is also important for me because my notes is a mess and sometimes it's hard to read what I just wrote. Being more active and participate in class discussions help me increase content knowledge. I should develop more self-confidence in order to help me during quizzes or summative.
Term 2
MEIOSIS
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DIAGRAM
![Screen Shot 2018-10-22 at 09.48.36.png](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/142120_525c1f00b4604bd4aee9f94d32d8ce0c~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_255,h_190,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/Screen%20Shot%202018-10-22%20at%2009_48_36.png)
POSTER
ECOLOGY & ECOSYSTEM
ECOLOGY -> The study of ecosystem
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How organism interact with each other and their organism (living or non-living)
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"An organism is interdependent" = they need to depend on each other
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In an environment or ecosystem, community overlap happened. It is a "fight" over resources
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Organism -> Population -> Community -> Ecosystem -> Biome
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Population: the same organism all together
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Community: a population together
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Biome/Ecosystem: different community together
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An environment is a part of the ecosystem and an environment is a place where you can live
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Habitat is home or the "address"
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An environment is not always a habitat
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Biotic: A living organism (was or were)
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Abiotic: Non-living organism (will never be alive)
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Niche: What an organism utilize the resources of its environment
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Niche is what an organism has to do or their job and there in order to survive
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Prey
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Predator
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Space utilization, consumption, temperature range, mating etc.
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Same habitat & Niche: competition for resources (food, water, shelter etc.)
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They can co-exist but one will eventually die out
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They can co-exist but they need differences
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Nocturnal: active at night
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Diurnal: active at day
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Migration: moving
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Hibernation: reduce of activity
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ECOSYSTEM -> A biotic and abiotic factors living in a boundary
DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEM AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
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Oligotrophic Lake: poor nutrient & clear water with very few animals living in it
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Eutrophic Lake: lots of nutrients, with many animals living in it.
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Rivers and Streams: where many organisms usually live around it instead of inside of it
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Wetlands: swaps, marshes, season ponds
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Estuary: where freshwater meets the ocean (saltwater)
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Tropical Forest: lots of rain
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Dessert: doesn't rain
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Cold Desert
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Hot Desert
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Chaparral: a bunch of shrubs, every summer they get fires, lots in California, not a lot of trees.
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Temperate Grasslands: Farmlands, 4 seasons and large animals
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Temperate Deciduous Forest: broadleaf trees, 4 seasons -> (Eastern United States, Canada, Europe, China, and Japan)
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Coniferous Forest: old forest, largest terrestrial biome
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Tundra: permanently frozen ground, harsh, frost-laden landscape, extremely short seasons
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Arctic Tundra
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Alpine Tundra
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Marine Benthic zone: deep sea, no humans can go there
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Coral reefs: alive, growing
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Intertidal zones: high tide
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Oceanic pelagic zone: open-ocean zone
Term 3
For next term, Ms. Disty could help us do better by talking less fast. Ms. Disty explains topic really well however I have trouble writing those down on my notes, I was able to keep up with her explanation there are time where I miss some important information about the topic.
![Screen Shot 2019-01-28 at 18.31.06.png](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/142120_c7e170ea3f1349de91a8746a7f173f6b~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_285,h_160,al_c,q_85,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-28%20at%2018_31_06.png)
FOOD WEB
Term 3
ENERGY FLOW
ENERGY FLOW
Sun -> Photosynthesis -> Glucose -> Plants -> Animals
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Producers: Organism that makes their own food
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Plants - leaves - fruit
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The energy producers make are used by other organism known as consumers
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Consumers: Can't make their own food
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Primary Consumers: the first order consist of herbivores
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Secondary Consumers: second order - carnivore, herbivore, predator,
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Tertiary: the third order, they are predators and scavengers (cannot be a prey)
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Food Web: all the energy flow in an ecosystem
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Food Chain: one way of an energy flow
Meiosis: division of gametes (sex cells) into half of the number of chromosomes.
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Meiosis occur in cells that produce eggs and sperm (sex cells) known as gametes
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In female: Ovaries -> Ovum
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In male: Testes -> Sperm
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Sperm + Egg ->(fertilization) = Zygote
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Zygote is fertilized egg
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Meiosis start with diploid cells and end with haploid cells
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Diploid (2n) = cells that contain 2 (Di) set of chromosomes -> Homologous
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Homologous chromosomes = chromosomes pairs from each parents -> one from the father (paternal) and mother (maternal)
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Haploid = (Ha as in half) contain half the amount of the usual chromosomes
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"physically" are similar but may contain different allele
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Sex cells
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Female = XX
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Male = XY
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X chromosomes are longer & bigger in size
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Sex chromosomes are the 23rd set the rest (22) are autosomes
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Meiosis are divided into 2 process: meiosis I and meiosis II
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INTERPHASE I : similar to mitosis, DNA and organelles replicate.
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MEIOSIS I
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Prophase I:
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chromatin -> chromosomes
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synapsis occurs -> forming tetrad (homologous chromosomes pair up)
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crossing over occurs -> parts of the homologous chromosomes swap with one another
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Metaphase I: tetrad are pulled to the middle of the cell
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Anaphase I: chromosomes pulled into opposite ends of the cell
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Telophase I:
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cytokinesis split the cell in half
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nucleus regrows
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MEIOSIS II
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Prophase II: nucleus dissolve
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Metaphase II: chromosomes pulled to the middle of the cell
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Anaphase II: chromatids pulled to opposite ends of the cell
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Telophase II: cytokinesis split the cell in half again
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4 unique daughter cell are produced
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When cell fail to divide during meiosis they experience a non-disjunction Non-Disjunction: production of zygotes (fertilized egg) with abnormal number of chromosome, damaging the offspring
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Down-syndrome - Trisotomy 21 (3 chromosome in set 21)
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Turner's Syndrome - Monosomy 23 (1 chromosome in the 23rd set) -> X
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Kleinfelter Syndrome - Trisomy 23 (3 chromosome in the 23rd set) -> XXXY
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Edward Syndrome - Trisomy 21
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To detect non-disjunction one could go through a procedure known as Amniocentesis